On Zea mays inflorescence. Corn field.
Common pathogen of corn. Typically long “cigar” necrotic lesion
On Solanum chenopodioides (tentative ID)
On brassica oleracea
Hongo Sigatoka sobre banana
On Paspalum sp. at the side of a corn field. Very abundant. Gooey and gluey.
On Calluna vulgaris
Erysiphe on Sonchus sp. and on top there are the galls from Cystophora sonchi parasitizing it. Garden.
NUMBER: 20231205
SPECIES: Citrus Scab, Elsinoë fawcettii Bitancourt and Jenkins, 1936[1]
OTHER NAMES: Citrus Fungal Scab; Elsinoe fawcettii; scab of citrus
DATE, TIME: 5 December 2023, 2:29 PM
DISTINCTIONS: Small, slightly elevated, scabs or pustules on the fruit rind, stems, leaves, and buds. Rows of pustules break into scratches or tan to brown bare areas.
LOCALITY: Verona Manor Walk, Naples, Florida 34114
LATITUDE, LONGITUDE: 26.06332, -81.70216
DISTRIBUTION: Widely distributed in humid citrus-growing regions of the world. However, the natural range and history of spread are unknown.
Table 1. New Geographic Locality Records in Europe, Oceania, and USA (EPPO, 2023)
Country Locality Latitude, Longitude iNaturalist # Date
New Zealand Auckland[2] -36.941091, 174.771797 182775585 10 Sep 2023
S. Head[2] -36.475924, 174.257002 6132271 08 May 2017
Spain Grenada 37.169084, -3.591755 188331300 01 Sep 2023
USA, CA Oakland 37.851169, -122.254563 171474506 03 Jul 2023
, FL Naples 26.06332, -81.70216 ??? 05 Dec 2023
, NY Syaracuse greenhouse 188053112 17 Oct 2023
[2]North Island; [3]Slight Locality Record
DISEASE: Citrus Scab Disease is caused by a fungus. Fruit can often be salvaged, but at a lower price.
VECTOR: possibly incidental insects, none infected; rain and irrigation; wind; transfer of plants
HOST: Florida Orange, Florida Orange, Citrus × nobilis Loureiro. Also, infects a variety of citrus with little specificity.
EXPERTISE: We have examined many thousands of fishes for fungal pathogens, but published little (Johnson and Williams, 1972; Vargus et al., 1998; Rand et al., 2000).
SIMILAR SPECIES: Sweet Orange Scab, Elsinoë australis Bitancourt and Jenkins, 1936, is only known from South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Paraguay and Uruguay).
OBSERVERS: Dr. Ernest H. Williams, Jr.,[4,5,7,8] and Dr. Lucy Bunkley-Williams[4,6,7,9]
REFERENCES:
<>Bitancourt, A. A., and A. E. Jenkins, A.E. 1936. Elsinoë fawcettii, the perfect state of the citrus scab fungus. Phytopathology 26: 393-396.
<>EPPO. 2023. Elsinoë fawcettii (ELSIFA). EPPO Global Database https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/ELSIFA
<>Johnson, S. K. and E. H. Williams, Jr. 1972. Bacteriological survey of freshwater fishes of the Tensaw River, Alabama. Journal of the Alabama Academy of Science 43: 18 22. (fungal samples all negative) [4]
<>Vargus, M. M., Z. Figueroa, and L. Bunkley-Williams. 1998. Fungi associated with some freshwater fishes from Puerto Rico. American Bryological and Lichenological Society, and Mycological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts Volume: 67-68 (abstract). [217]
<>Rand, T. G., L. Bunkley-Williams and E. H. Williams, Jr. 2000. A hyphomycete fungus, Paecilomyces lilacinus, associated with wasting disease in two species of tilapia from Puerto Rico. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 12: 149-156. [256]
FOOTNOTES:
[1]Identification was peer-reviewed, text edited and sometimes condensed. The entire, original text is in our available reprint 915. [2]North Island; [3]Slight Locality Record; [4]Extraordinary Professors, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, South Africa; Adjunct Professors, Research Field Station, Florida Gulf Coast University, 5164 Bonita Beach Road, Bonita Springs, FL 34134; [5]Dept. Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico (retired); [6]Dept. Biology, UPR (retired); [7]920 St. Andrews Blvd, Naples, FL 34113-8943; [8]e-mail ermest.williams1@upr.edu; ORCID 0000-0003-0913-3013; [9]e-mail lucy.williams1@upr.edu, ORCID 0000-0003-1390-911x.
Figure 1. Damage to fruit
Figure 2. Damage to leaf
Potato virus Y
Host plant: Solanum tuberosum
4 and 5 photos were taken on June 23, 2020
60 Exminster St. On canna lilies.
Blockhouse Bay Recreational Reserve, Blockhouse Bay, Auckland. On Delairea odorata.